Essay about The Results of Children in Fatherless Homes

Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbearing are now epidemic in American society. Both forms of disrupted families are harmful to children and to society. The children of single parents are more likely to do poorly in school, commit crimes, and become single parents themselves. In addition, the increase in single-parent families contributes to such social problems as poverty, crime, and a decline in the quality of public education. Divorce and out-of-wedlock childbirth are transforming the lives of American children. In the postwar generation more than 80 percent of children grew up in a family with two biological parents who were married to each other. By 1980 only 50 percent could expect to spend their entire childhood in an intact†¦show more content†¦Indeed, they help to explain why family structure is such an explosive issue for Americans. The debate about it is not simply about the social-scientific evidence, although that is surely an important part of the discussion. It is also a debate over deeply held and often conflicting values. How do we begin to reconcile our long-standing belief in equality and diversity with an impressive body of evidence that suggests that not all family structures produce equal outcomes for children? How can we square traditional notions of public support for dependent women and children with a belief in womens right to pursue autonomy and independence in childbearing and child-rearing? How do we uphold the freedom of adults to pursue individual happiness in their private relationships and at the same time respond to the needs of children for stability, security, and permanence in their family lives? What do we do when the interests of adults and children conflict? These are the difficult issues at stake in the debate over family structure. Past discussions on families In the past these issues have turned out to be too difficult and too politically risky for debate. In the mid-1960s Daniel Patrick Moynihan, then an assistant secretary of labor, wasShow MoreRelatedThe Absentee Father846 Words   |  4 Pagesupholding the moral and religious values that the family would abide by. This absent figure is most commonly known as the father. Statistics show that â€Å"an estimated 24.7 million children (33%) live absent their biological father† (The Consequences of Fatherlessness). This means that approximately one in three children are fatherless. This startling fact reigns prevalent all throughout the American nation. For the father to be missing from a child’s life on a daily basis, there are various ways in whichRead MoreThe Problem Of A Single Parent Environment1265 Words   |  6 PagesChildren are now carrying more of the burden, as a result of marriages and relationships not working out. They are the ones who are suffering and payi ng for the adults bad and irresponsible decisions. We as the adults have to start making better decisions and setting better examples for our children. As parents, we are our children’s first teachers. We set the bar. Children mimic what they see, so if a positive image is being seen, then that child will think and act in a positive manner. OnRead MoreSad and Sadistic803 Words   |  4 Pagesfather is more than a hundred schoolmasters.† Absence of father, in other words, means insufficient guidance, security, and love in a young child’s life. Grievously, 36.7% of children around the world are fatherless children. Factors like divorce, disease, accident, and work act as causes of absence of a father, which affects children in areas of self-esteem, relationship, education, and crime. One of the best-known causes for absence of a father is divorce. The divorce rate of societies these days isRead MoreIs The Most Socially Consequential Family Trend Of Our Generation?990 Words   |  4 PagesStatement In the United States it is becoming more and more likely for children to grow up without their fathers. Father absence is a crucial social issue and can be linked to dozens of our most pressing social dilemmas. David Blankenhorn of the American Experiment said â€Å"this trend of fatherlessness is the most socially consequential family trend of our generation† (Blankenhorn). Father absence in the American home has a serious and negative effect on the well-being of our society. LiteratureRead MoreShould both Parents Take Equal Responsibility in Raising a Children728 Words   |  3 Pagesmother is a land and the children are the seeds and both parents should take care of these seed as they grow. In fact, there is argument in these important issue that is both parents should assume equal responsibility for raising children. However, some people believe that the mother is the first one to teach children many epacts for their life and some defend that father is prime factor in the children life. Indeed, I assume that both parents are prime factors in the children life, also there are manyRead MoreThe Anti-Divorce Movement: a Persuasion Paper1268 Words   |  6 Pagesdevastating, especially when children are involved. Everyone who has ever listened to the news has heard the dismal statistics of adolescents coming from broken homes. The statistics showing the effects of a fatherless household includes: †¢ 63% of youth suicides are from fatherless homes (U.S.D.H.H.S., Bureau of the Census) †¢ 90% of all homeless and runaway children are from fatherless home †¢ 85% of rapists motivated with displaced anger come from fatherless homes (Criminal JusticeBehavior, VolRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Absent Fathers1614 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious reasons, many children in the United States are living without their fathers in their homes or absent from their lives entirely. This is an issue all across the world and the children are having to deal with the disadvantages caused by the lack of support from their fathers. This issue has a significant effect on society and can be viewed and interpreted from the three sociological perspectives. As a result of many studies, it was found that children raised in father absent homes almost universallyRead MoreChildren Always Need Love, Compassion, Support And Empathy From Their Parents Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 9, 2016 Fatherless Children always need love, compassion, support and empathy from their parents when growing up. They are better off without a father in certain circumstances such as abuse, but both boys and girls will suffer a negative effect as they develop into adults without a father in any situation. No one can agree that growing up fatherless is far from the worst thing other than Michele Weldon from the New York Times, and her article â€Å"When Children Are Better off Fatherless† as she states:Read More Children With Behavioral Disorders in Single Parent Homes Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pagestough. It can be a struggle for parents to adequately support children - especially if there is only one parent. According to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development about 15.9 percent of children world wide live in single-parent households. In the United states alone there are approximately 13.7 million single parents today, and those parents are responsible for raising 21.8 million children (approximately 26% of children under 21 in the U.S. today). The question we must ask is, WhatRead MoreNegative Effects of Single Parent Housholds Essay565 Words   |  3 Pagesand Divorce.) to be more specific of children living in single-parent homes has nearly doubled since 1960(LifeSiteNews) .Though single parent households that consist only of either mother or father do the best they can to support their children, there are some negative effects to not having a well rounded home life. One thing that may be negatively affected would be a child’s behavior. Living in poverty is stressful and can have many emotional effects on children, including low self-esteem, increased

The Vampire Diaries Dark Reunion Chapter Three Free Essays

string(61) " for a minute in the doorway and then lunged quickly inside\." Vickie’s screams went out of control. Bonnie could feel panic rising in her chest. â€Å"Vickie, stop it! Come on; we’ve got to get out of here!† Meredith was shouting to be heard. We will write a custom essay sample on The Vampire Diaries: Dark Reunion Chapter Three or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"It’s your house, Caroline. Everybody grab hands and you lead us to the front door.† â€Å"Okay,† Caroline said. She didn’t sound as frightened as everybody else. That was the advantage to having no imagination, Bonnie thought. You couldn’t picture the terrible things that were going to happen to you. She felt better with Meredith’s narrow, cold hand grasping hers. She fumbled on the other side and caught Caroline’s, feeling the hardness of long fingernails. She could see nothing. Her eyes should be adjusting to the dark by now, but she couldn’t make out even a glimmer of light or shadow as Caroline started leading them. There was no light coming through the windows from the street; the power seemed to be out everywhere. Caroline cursed, running into some piece of furniture, and Bonnie stumbled against her. Vickie was whimpering softly from the back of the line. â€Å"Hang on,† whispered Sue. â€Å"Hang on, Vickie, we’ll make it.† They made slow, shuffling progress in the dark. Then Bonnie felt tile under her feet. â€Å"This is the front hall,† Caroline said. â€Å"Stay here a minute while I find the door.† Her fingers slipped out of Bonnie’s. â€Å"Caroline! Don’t let go-where are you? Caroline, give me your hand!† Bonnie cried, groping frantically like a blind person. Out of the darkness something large and moist closed around her fingers. It was a hand. It wasn’t Caroline’s. Bonnie screamed. Vickie immediately picked it up, shrieking wildly. The hot, moist hand was dragging Bonnie forward. She kicked out, struggling, but it made no difference. Then she felt Meredith’s arms around her waist, both arms, wrenching her back. Her hand came free of the big one. And then she was turning and running, just running, only dimly aware that Meredith was be-side her. She wasn’t at all aware that she was still screaming until she slammed into a large armchair that stopped her progress, and she heard herself. â€Å"Hush! Bonnie, hush, stop!† Meredith was shaking her. They had slid down the back of the chair to the floor. â€Å"Something had me! Something grabbed me, Meredith!† â€Å"I know. Be quiet! It’s still around,† Meredith said. Bonnie jammed her face into Meredith’s shoulder to keep from screaming again. What if it was here in the room with them? Seconds crawled past, and the silence pooled around them. No matter how Bonnie strained her ears, she could hear no sound except their own breathing and the dull thudding of her heart. Bonnie started to nod miserably, then abruptly lifted her head. â€Å"Where’s Vickie?† she whispered hoarsely. â€Å"I don’t know. I had to let go of her hand to pull you away from that thing. Let’s move.† Bonnie held her back. â€Å"But why isn’t she screaming?† A shudder went through Meredith. â€Å"I don’t know.† â€Å"Oh, God. Oh, God. We can’t leave her, Meredith.† â€Å"We have to.† â€Å"We can’t. Meredith, I made Caroline invite her. She wouldn’t be here except for me. We have to get her out.† There was a pause, and then Meredith hissed, â€Å"All right! But you pick the strangest times to turn noble, Bonnie.† A door slammed, causing both of them to jump. Then there was a crashing, like feet on stairs, Bonnie thought. And briefly, a voice was raised. â€Å"Vickie, where are you? Don’t-Vickie, no! No!† â€Å"That was Sue,† gasped Bonnie, jumping up. â€Å"From upstairs!† â€Å"Why don’t we have a flashlight?† Meredith was raging. Bonnie knew what she meant. It was too dark to go running blindly around this house; it was too frightening. There was a primitive panic hammering in her brain. She needed light, any light. She couldn’t go fumbling into that darkness again, exposed on all sides. She couldn’t do it. Nevertheless, she took one shaky step away from the chair. â€Å"Come on,† she gasped, and Meredith came with her, step by step, into the blackness. Bonnie kept expecting that moist, hot hand to reach out and grab her again. Every inch of her skin tingled in anticipation of its touch, and especially her own hand, which she had outstretched to feel her way. Then she made the mistake of remembering the dream. Instantly, the sickly sweet smell of garbage overwhelmed her. She imagined things crawling out of the ground and then remembered Elena’s face, gray and hairless, with lips shriveled back from grinning teeth. If that thing grabbed hold of her†¦ I can’t go any farther; I can’t, I can’t, she thought. I’m sorry for Vickie, but I can’t go on. Please, just let me stop here. It was a whole series of sounds, actually, but they all came so close together that they blended into one terrible swell of noise. First there was screaming, Sue’s voice screaming, â€Å"Vickie! Vickie! No!† Then a resonant crash, the sound of glass shattering, as if a hundred windows were breaking at once. And over that a sustained scream, on a note of pure, exquisite terror. Then it all stopped. â€Å"What was it? What happened, Meredith?† â€Å"Something bad.† Meredith’s voice was taut and choked. â€Å"Something very bad. Bonnie, let go. I’m going to see.† â€Å"Not alone, you’re not,† Bonnie said fiercely. They found the staircase and made their way up it. When they reached the landing, Bonnie could hear a strange and oddly sickening sound, the tinkle of glass shards falling. And then the lights went on. It was too sudden; Bonnie screamed involuntarily. Turning to Meredith she almost screamed again. Meredith’s dark hair was disheveled and her cheekbones looked too sharp; her face was pale and hollow with fear. Tinkle, tinkle. It was worse with the lights on. Meredith was walking toward the last door down the hall, where the noise was coming from. Bonnie followed, but she knew suddenly, with all her heart, that she didn’t want to see inside that room. Meredith pulled the door open. She froze for a minute in the doorway and then lunged quickly inside. You read "The Vampire Diaries: Dark Reunion Chapter Three" in category "Essay examples" Bonnie started for the door. â€Å"Oh, my God, don’t come any farther!† Bonnie didn’t even pause. She plunged into the doorway and then pulled up short. At first glance it looked as if the whole side of the house was gone. The French windows that connected the master bedroom to the balcony seemed to have exploded outward, the wood splintered, the glass shattered. Little pieces of glass were hanging precariously here and there from the remnants of the wood frame. They tinkled as they fell. Diaphanous white curtains billowed in and out of the gaping hole in the house. In front of them, in silhouette, Bonnie could see Vickie. She was standing with her hands at her sides, as motionless as a block of stone. â€Å"Vickie, are you okay?† Bonnie was so relieved to see her alive that it was painful. â€Å"Vickie?† Vickie didn’t turn, didn’t answer. Bonnie maneuvered around her cautiously, looking into her face. Vickie was staring straight ahead, her pupils pinpoints. She was sucking in little whistling breaths, chest heaving. Shuddering, Bonnie reeled away. Meredith was on the balcony. She turned as Bonnie reached the curtains and tried to block the way. â€Å"Don’t look. Don’t look down there,† she said. Down where? Suddenly Bonnie understood. She shoved past Meredith, who caught her arm to stop her on the edge of a dizzying drop. The balcony railing had been blasted out like the French windows and Bonnie could see straight down to the lighted yard below. On the ground there was a twisted figure like a broken doll, limbs askew, neck bent at a grotesque angle, blond hair fanned on the dark soil of the garden. It was Sue Carson. And throughout all the confusion that raged afterward, two thoughts kept vying for dominance in Bonnie’s mind. One was that Caroline would never have her foursome now. And the other was that it wasn’t fair for this to happen on Meredith’s birthday. It just wasn’t fair. â€Å"I’m sorry, Meredith. I don’t think she’s up to it right now.† Bonnie heard her father’s voice at the front door as she listlessly stirred sweetener into a cup of chamomile tea. She put the spoon down at once. What she wasn’t up to was sitting in this kitchen one minute longer. She needed out. â€Å"I’ll be right there, Dad.† Meredith looked almost as bad as she had last night, face peaked, eyes shadowed. Her mouth was set in a tight line. â€Å"We’ll just go out driving for a little while,† Bonnie said to her father. â€Å"Maybe see some of the kids. After all, you’re the one who said it isn’t dangerous, right?† What could he say? Mr. McCullough looked down at his petite daughter, who stuck out the stubborn chin she’d inherited from him and met his gaze squarely. He lifted his hands. â€Å"It’s almost four o’clock now. Be back before dark,† he said. â€Å"They want it both ways,† Bonnie said to Meredith on the way to Meredith’s car. Once inside, both girls immediately locked their doors. As Meredith put the car in gear she gave Bonnie a glance of grim understanding. â€Å"Your parents didn’t believe you, either.† â€Å"Oh, they believe everything I told them-except anything important. How can they be so stupid?† Meredith laughed shortly. â€Å"You’ve got to look at it from their point of view. They find one dead body without a mark on it except those caused by the fall. They find that the lights were off in the neighborhood because of a malfunction at Virginia Electric. They find us, hysterical, giving answers to their questions that must have seemed pretty weird. Who did it? Some monster with sweaty hands. How do we know? Our dead friend Elena told us through a Ouija board. Is it any wonder they have their doubts?† â€Å"They’re forgetting already,† Meredith replied softly. â€Å"You predicted it yourself. Life has gone back to normal, and everybody in Fell’s Church feels safer that way. They all feel like they’ve woken up from a bad dream, and the last thing they want is to get sucked in again.† Bonnie just shook her head. â€Å"And so it’s easier to believe that a bunch of teenage girls got riled up playing with a Ouija board, and that when the lights went out they just freaked and ran. And one of them got so scared and confused she ran right out a window.† There was a silence and then Meredith added, â€Å"I wish Alaric were here.† Normally, Bonnie would have given her a dig in the ribs and answered, â€Å"So do I,† in a lecherous voice. Alaric was one of the handsomest guys she’d ever seen, even if he was a doddering twenty-two years old. Now, she just gave Meredith’s arm a disconsolate squeeze. â€Å"Can’t you call him somehow?† â€Å"In Russia? I don’t even know where in Russia he is now.† Bonnie bit her lip. Then she sat up. Meredith was driving down Lee Street, and in the high school parking lot they could see a crowd. She and Meredith exchanged glances, and Meredith nodded. â€Å"We might as well,† she said. â€Å"Let’s see if they’re any smarter than their parents.† Bonnie could see startled faces turning as the car cruised slowly into the lot. When she and Meredith got out, people moved back, making a path for them to the center of the crowd. Caroline was there, clutching her elbows with her hands and shaking back her auburn hair distractedly. â€Å"We’re not going to sleep in that house again until it’s repaired,† she was saying, shivering in her white sweater. â€Å"Daddy says we’ll take an apartment in Heron until it’s over.† â€Å"What difference does that make? He can follow you to Heron, I’m sure,† said Meredith. Caroline turned, but her green cat’s eyes wouldn’t quite meet Meredith’s. â€Å"Who?† she said vaguely. â€Å"Oh, Caroline, not you too!† Bonnie exploded. Her eyes came up and for an instant Bonnie saw how frightened she was. â€Å"I can’t take any more.† As if she had to prove her words that minute, she pushed her way through the crowd. â€Å"Let her go, Bonnie,† Meredith said. â€Å"It’s no use.† â€Å"She’s no use,† said Bonnie furiously. If Caroline, who knew, was acting this way, what about the other kids? She saw the answer-in the faces around her. Everybody looked scared, as scared as if she and Meredith had brought some loathsome disease with them. As if she and Meredith were the problem. â€Å"I don’t believe this,† Bonnie muttered. â€Å"I don’t believe it either,† said Deanna Kennedy, a friend of Sue’s. She was in the front of the crowd, and she didn’t look as uneasy as the others. â€Å"I talked with Sue yesterday afternoon and she was so up, so happy. She can’t be dead.† Deanna began to sob. Her boyfriend put an arm around her, and several other girls began to cry. The guys in the crowd shifted, their faces rigid. Bonnie felt a little surge of hope. â€Å"And she’s not going to be the only one dead,† she added. â€Å"Elena told us that the whole town is in danger. Elena said†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Despite herself Bonnie heard her voice failing. She could see it in the way their eyes glazed up when she mentioned Elena’s name. Meredith was right; they’d put everything that had happened last winter behind them. They didn’t believe anymore. â€Å"What’s wrong with you all?† she said helplessly, wanting to hit something. â€Å"You don’t really think Sue threw herself off that balcony!† â€Å"People are saying-† Deanna’s boyfriend started and then shrugged defensively. â€Å"Well-you told the police Vickie Bennett was in the room, right? And now she’s off her head again. And just a little bit earlier you’d heard Sue shouting, ‘No, Vickie, no!’?† Bonnie felt as if the wind had been knocked out of her. â€Å"You think that Vickie- oh, God, you’re out of your mind! Listen to me. Something grabbed my hand in that house, and it wasn’t Vickie. And Vickie had nothing to do with throwing Sue off that balcony.† â€Å"She’s hardly strong enough, for one thing,† Meredith said pointedly. â€Å"She weighs about ninety-five pounds soaking wet.† Somebody from the back of the crowd muttered about insane people having superhuman strength. â€Å"Vickie has a psychiatric record-â€Å" â€Å"Elena told us it was a guy!† Bonnie almost shouted, losing her battle with self-control. The faces tilted toward her were shuttered, unyielding. Then she saw one that made her chest loosen. â€Å"Matt! Tell them you believe us.† Matt Honeycutt was standing on the fringe with his hands in his pockets and his blond head bowed. Now he looked up, and what Bonnie saw in his blue eyes made her draw in her breath. They weren’t hard and shuttered like everyone else’s, but they were full of a flat despair that was just as bad. He shrugged without taking his hands from his pockets. Bonnie, for one of the first times in her life, was speechless. Matt had been upset ever since Elena died, but this†¦ â€Å"He does believe it, though,† Meredith was saying quickly, capitalizing on the moment. â€Å"Now what have we got to do to convince the rest of you?† â€Å"Channel Elvis for us, maybe,† said a voice that immediately set Bonnie’s blood boiling. Tyler. Tyler Smallwood. Grinning like an ape in his overexpensive Perry Ellis sweater, showing a mouthful of strong white teeth. â€Å"It’s not as good as psychic e-mail from a dead Homecoming Queen, but it’s a start,† Tyler added. Matt always said that grin was asking for a punch in the nose. But Matt, the only guy in the crowd with close to Tyler’s physique, was staring dully at the ground. â€Å"Shut up, Tyler! You don’t know what happened in that house,† Bonnie said. â€Å"Well, neither do you, apparently. Maybe if you hadn’t been hiding in the living room, you’d have seen what happened. Then somebody might believe you.† Bonnie’s retort died on her tongue. She stared at Tyler, opened her mouth, and then closed it. Tyler waited. When she didn’t speak, he showed his teeth again. â€Å"For my money, Vickie did it,† he said, winking at Dick Carter, Vickie’s ex-boyfriend. â€Å"She’s a strong little babe, right, Dick? She could have done it.† He turned and added deliberately over his shoulder, â€Å"Or else that Salvatore guy is back in town.† â€Å"You creep!† shouted Bonnie. Even Meredith cried out in frustration. Because of course at the very mention of Stefan pandemonium ensued, as Tyler must have known it would. Everyone was turning to the person next to them and exclaiming in alarm, horror, excitement. It was primarily the girls who were excited. Effectively, it put an end to the gathering. People had been edging away surreptitiously before, and now they broke up into twos and threes, arguing and hastening off. Bonnie gazed after them angrily. â€Å"Supposing they did believe you. What did you want them to do, anyway?† Matt said. She hadn’t noticed him beside her. â€Å"I don’t know. Something besides just standing around waiting to be picked off.† She tried to look him in the face. â€Å"Matt, are you all right?† â€Å"I don’t know. Are you?† Bonnie thought. â€Å"No. I mean, in one way I’m surprised I’m doing as well as I am, because when Elena died, I just couldn’t deal. At all. But then I wasn’t as close to Sue, and besides†¦ I don’t know!† She wanted to hit something again. â€Å"It’s just all too much!† Bonnie thought. â€Å"No. I mean, in one way I’m surprised I’m doing as well as I am, because when Elena died, I just couldn’t deal. At all. But then I wasn’t as close to Sue, and besides†¦ I don’t know!† She wanted to hit something again. â€Å"It’s just all too much!† â€Å"Yes, I’m mad.† Suddenly Bonnie understood the feelings she’d been having all day. â€Å"Killing Sue wasn’t just wrong, it was evil. Truly evil. And whoever did it isn’t going to get away with it. That would be-if the world is like that, a place where that can happen and go unpunished†¦ if that’s the truth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She found she didn’t have a way to finish. â€Å"Then what? You don’t want to live here anymore? What if the world is like that?† His eyes were so lost, so bitter. Bonnie was shaken. But she said staunchly, â€Å"I won’t let it be that way. And you won’t either.† He simply looked at her as if she were a kid insisting there was so a Santa Claus. Meredith spoke up. â€Å"If we expect other people to take us seriously, we’d better take ourselves seriously. Elena did communicate with us. She wanted us to do something. Now if we really believe that, we’d better figure out what it is.† Matt’s face had flexed at the mention of Elena. You poor guy, you’re still as much in love with her as ever, thought Bonnie. I wonder if anything could make you forget her? She said, â€Å"Are you going to help us, Matt?† â€Å"I’ll help,† Matt said quietly. â€Å"But I still don’t know what it is you’re doing.† â€Å"We’re going to stop that murdering creep before he kills anybody else,† said Bonnie. It was the first time she’d fully realized herself that this was what she meant to do. â€Å"Alone? Because you are alone, you know.† â€Å"We are alone,† Meredith corrected. â€Å"But that’s what Elena was trying to tell us. She said we had to do a summoning spell to call for help.† â€Å"An easy spell with only two ingredients,† Bonnie remembered from her dream. She was getting excited. â€Å"And she said she’d already told me the ingredients-but she hadn’t.† â€Å"Last night she said there were corrupting influences distorting her communication,† Meredith said. â€Å"Now to me that sounds like what was happening in the dream. Do you think it really was Elena you were drinking tea with?† â€Å"Yes,† Bonnie said positively. â€Å"I mean, I know we weren’t really having a mad tea party at Warm Springs, but I think Elena was sending that message into my brain. And then partway through something else took over and pushed her out. But she fought, and for a minute at the end she got back control.† â€Å"Okay. Then that means we have to concentrate on the beginning of the dream, when it was still Elena communicating with you. But if what she was saying was already being distorted by other influences, then maybe it came out weird. Maybe it wasn’t something she actually said, maybe it was something she did†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What?† â€Å"Hair! I asked her who did hers, and we talked about it, and she said, ‘Hair is very important.’ And Meredith-when she was trying to tell us the ingredients last night, the first letter of one of them was H!† â€Å"That’s it!† Meredith’s dark eyes were flashing. â€Å"Now we just have to think of the other one.† â€Å"But I know that too!† Bonnie’s laughter bubbled up exuberantly. â€Å"She told me right after we talked about hair, and I thought she was just being strange. She said, ‘Blood is important too.’ â€Å" Meredith shut her eyes in realization. â€Å"And last night, the Ouija board said ‘Bloodblood-blood.’ I thought it was the other thing threatening us, but it wasn’t,† she said. She opened her eyes. â€Å"Bonnie, do you think that’s really it? Are those the ingredients, or do we have to start worrying about mud and sandwiches and mice and tea?† â€Å"Those are the ingredients,† Bonnie said firmly. â€Å"They’re the kind of ingredients that make sense for a summoning spell. I’m sure I can find a ritual to do with them in one of my Celtic magic books. We just have to figure out the person we’re supposed to summon†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Something struck her, and her voice trailed off in dismay. â€Å"I was wondering when you’d notice,† Matt said, speaking for the first time in a long while. â€Å"You don’t know who it is, do you?† How to cite The Vampire Diaries: Dark Reunion Chapter Three, Essay examples

Effects of Deforestation Essay Example For Students

Effects of Deforestation Essay Effects of Deforestation Essay The subject of deforestation and the effects that it has on the environment have been heavily debated for a long time; particularly over the last few years. Governments and large lumber companies see large profits in the mass deforestation of forests and state that their actions are having few, if any, harmful effects on the environment. Most people disagree with this and think that the environmental effects are devastating and will become irreversibly disastrous in the very near future. Whether or not the pros outweigh the cons will be hotly debated for years to come but the fact is that deforestation is harmful to the environment and leads to declining wildlife populations, drastic changes in climate and loss of soil. The loss of forests means the loss of habitats for many species. Current statistics show that as many as 100 species become extinct every day with a large portion being attributed to deforestation (Delfgaauw, 1996). Edge effects are the destruction or degradation of natural habitat that occur on the fringes of fragmented forests. The effects for the animals include greater exposure to the elements (wind, rain etc), other non-forest animals and humans (Dunbar, 1993). This unnatural extinction of species endangers the worlds food supply, threatens many human resources and has profound implications for biological diversity. Another negative environmental impact of deforestation is that it causes climate changes all over the world. As we learned in elementary school, plant life is essential to life on earth as it produces much of the oxygen that is required for humans and other organisms to breathe. The massive destruction of trees negatively effects the quantity and quality of the air we breathe which has direct repercussions on the quantity and quality of life among both humans and animals alike. With this reduced amount of vital plant life comes the increase of carbon dioxide levels in the earths atmosphere. With these increased levels of CO-2 come unnatural changes in weather patterns both locally and globally. The removal of forests would cause rainfall to decline more than 26%. The average temperature of soil will rise and a decline of 30% in the amount of moisture will evaporate into the atmosphere (Delfgaauw, 1996). This leads to the global warming phenomenon which is also directly related to the declining amounts of forest areas on the earth. Soil erosion caused by deforestation is also a major concern among even the most amateur environmentalists: When rain falls, some may sink to the ground, some may run off the surface of the land, and flowing down towards the rivers and some may evaporate. Running water is a major cause of soil erosion, and as the forests are cut down, it increases erosion (Delfgaauw, 1996). The removal of wood causes nutrient loss in the soil, especially if the period between harvests isnt long enough (Hamilton and Pearce, 1987). Some areas also become unbalanced with the removal of tree roots as this removal can cause serious mud slides and unstability which can be seen in the in the tropical rain forests of Australia (Gilmour et al., 1982; as cited in Hamilton and Pearce, 1987) and Malaysia (Peh, 1980; as cited in Hamilton and Pearce, 1987). It should be mentioned that recent logging techniques have decreased the amount of soil erosion under most circumstances but it is nearly impossible to stop erosion from happening. Whether or not you are a radical environmentalist or just a regular citizen, the consequences of deforestation affect us all. Living in BC we dont have to drive very far to see land that has been clear-cut or to see massive protests by people of all ages who want to save the forests or save the environment. It is evident that reforestation projects are underway and in many cases are quite successful. Millions of dollars are spent each year (provincially, nationally and internationally) on reforestation and many experts agree that this is helping provided that the time between harvest is long enough for the area to mature properly. The projections we hear through the media make the situation sound quite bleak but the fact is that private and public awareness have lead to a decreasing amount of deforestation activity (from what is projected) in many areas such as the Brazilian Amazon Basin (Dunbar, 1993). Forests are an important part of maintaining the earths biological and ecological diversity as well as major factors in the economic well being of many areas. The innocence of lady jane grey Essay If we can maintain a balance between the two and continue the reforestation efforts, the negative environmental affects could be greatly reduced. Regardless, .